Carburetor



&y l5, i923. ASSM E. E. ECKERT CARURETOR Filed Jah. 5, 1921 f6. j. j;

\ /Y l erm Arron/vers Patented May 15, 1923.

EDWARD E. ECKERT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-BRETOR.

Application filed January 5, 1921. Serial No. 435,205.

T 0 all whom it may concern.'

- Be it known that I. EDWARD Fi. llonnn'r,

a citizen of the United Sta-tes, and a resident of Chicago, in thecounty of Cool-z and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useiullmprovement in Carburetors, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors, and it consists inthe combinations, constructions, and arrangements herein described andclaimed.

Au object or" my invention is to provide a carburetor `having means iorintimately commingling an intlamn'iable hydrocarbon and air in order toforni a uniformly efficient homogeneous explosive mixture. n

A further objectof my invention is to provide a device of the typedescribed that is adapted to be operatively applied to an internalcombustion engine o' ordinary construction and is provided with meansoperable by the suction created by the operation of the internalcombustion engine to regulate the volume of air entering into theexplosive mixture, wheieby the volume of air in the mixture is increasedas the speed of the engine is increasechthus insuring the development ofa maximum ci power with minimum fuel consumption.

A. further object of my invention is to provide in a device of thetypedescribed a novel form of valve mechanism for controlling the flow ofboth the air and the inflammable hydrocarbon 'through the device.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming partot this application, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical central sectionthrough the device,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3 3 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 4 is a detail of a portion of the device,

' Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a fragmentary portion of the device. y

In carrying out my invention, I provide a casing denoted generally at 1and embodyinga substantially cylindrical vertical fuel chamber 2 and amining chambeim having the form as best seen in Fig. 1.

The fuel chamber 2 is provided with an interiorly threaded tubular inlet4 opening thereinto through its bottom wall. rThe latter is formed withan annular recess 5 around the inlet opening designed to receive theliange head 6 of a plug having a threaded shank 7 arranged to engage thethreaded tubular inlet 4. A. fuel supply pipe 8 adapted for connectionwith any suitable source of fuel supply, none being shown, has anenlargement at the proximal end thereof, and this enlargement isprovided with an opening 10 extending therethrough at right angles tothe 'bore 11 of the supply tube and designed to receive the projectingend of the inlet tube 4. The inlet tube 4 has an annular recess 12 inits outer wall and the bore 10 of the enlargement 9 has an annularrecess 13 in its inner wall cooperating therewith to provide an annularinlet chamber in which is disposed a filtering means, such as the screen14. A plurality of spaced apart radial passages 15 lead from the inletchamber through the wall of the tubular inlet tube 4. A plug 17 isscrewed into the end of the inlet tube 4 and the head thereof rests upona flange 18 that extends inwardly from the inner wall of the bore l0. Itis to be noted that the end of the plug 17 is spaced from the adjacentend. of the shank 7, and that the wall of the portion of the inlet tube4 disposed therebetween is perforated by the openings 15.

The shank 7 has a central vertical opening 16 extending through the head6 and tapered outwardly at 19 to provide a seat for a valve 20. The stem21 ot the valve 2O extends through a float 22 disposed in the fuelchamber 2 and the upper end of the stem projects above the float. Acylindrical collar 23 having flanges 24 and 25 at its opposite ends ismounted on the upper end of the stem 21 and slidably engages a guidespindle 26. The latter depends from a cover 27 that is fitted on thefuel chamber 2. `The cover 27 is provided with spaced apart dependinglugs 28 and 29 and levers 30-30 are fulcrumed intermediate their lengthon these lugs. The inner ends of the levers 30-30 are formed intoball-shaped members and are disposed within diametrically opposedsockets 31-31 in the wall of the cylindrical colla-r 23. Balls 32-32 arealso carried at the outer ends of the levers 30 and these balls restupon the float 22. 4

The fuel chamber' 2 is provided with an outlet 33 opening through itsside wall adjacent the bottom wall and this outlet opening` is connectedby a passage 34 with a vertical passage 35 leading into the nozzle. rlheHow of fuel through the passage 34 is controlled by a needle valve 36that is seated in the wall thereof and is provided with a stem 37extending exterior of the casing. A handwheel 38 carried by the stem 37at the end thereof provides a convenient means for operating the needlevalve 36.

The vertical passage 35 is enlarged and threaded at 39. It will be notedthat the bottom wallv of the mixing chamber 3 is centrally elevated toprovide a base 40 for a valve mechanism therein, the structure of whichwill be hereinafter described, and that the threaded opening 39 extendsdownwardly from the center of the base 40. The valve mechanism withinthe mixing chamber 3 comprises a mixing head consisting ofen invertedfrusto-conical member 41 resting on the base 40 and a similarfrusto-conical member 42 mounted on and supported by the elevatedcentral portion of the member 41, whereby a space 44 is provided betweenthe adjacent surfaces of the members 41 and 42 as clearly shown in Fig.5, the members 4l and 42 are provided with registering central verticalopenings 45 and 46, respectively, and are operatively secured to eachother by a spindle 48 which is disposed through the alined openings 45and 46. The opening 46 is enlarged adjacent its upper end to provide ashoulder 47. rlhe spindle 48 extends through the registering openings 45and 46 and is threaded exteriorly adjacent its lower end for engagementwith the threaded opening 39. The spindle 48 is also provided with anintegral flange 50 that rests upon the shoulder 47, this flange beinghexagonal in the form of the device shown, and therefore readilyoperable to insure the members 41 and 42 being maintained in adjustedposition relative each other.

'Mounted on the portion of the spindle 48 projecting above the flange5() is a suction ring 51 that has the form best seen in Fig. 4, beingformed with a plurality Vof apertures 52. rlhe projecting end of thespindle 48 fits within a socket 53 in the suction ring 51 and the upperand lower surfaces of the suction ring are inclined at 54-54 tosubstantially conform with the inclination of the upper surface of themember 42, and the suction ring is then formed to provide a taperingannular extension 51 at its outer edge that depends below the level ofthe under surface of the member 42. The outside diameter of the suctionring 51 is such that its peripheral wall slidably engages the inner wallof the mixing chamber 3.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, theoperation thereof may be readily understood. A liquid fuel is conductedinto the inlet chamber through the fuel supply pipe 8, and, passingthrough the screen 14, enters the space between the ends of the plug 17and the shank 7 1and is then forced upwardly through the passage 16 intothe fuel chamber. The float 22 is actuated as the level of the liquidwithin the fuel chamber 2 is raised, thereby operating the levers 304-30and the valve 20 until the latter is moved .into closed position, asillustrated in Figure 1. The liquid fuel from the fuel chamber 2 passesthrough the passage 34, and the volume of fuel passing therethrough isregulated by means of the needle valve 36. Theliquid'fuel conductedalong the passage 34 into the vertical passage 35, passes through acentral passage 55 in the lower portion of the spindle.I thence througha plurality of radially directed pas.

sages 56 into an annular channel 57 in the outer wall of the spindle43,A and thence through radially directed passages 59 into the space 44between the adjacent surfaces of the members 41 and 42. The passages 59are radial grooves in the upper surface of the central portion 43, thesegrooves being closed by the member 42 so as to provide passages. lt isto be observed that the liquid fuel will be scattered on account ofbeing projected into the annular space 44 from radially directedpassages, and will spread outwardly .in a uniform manner. The formationof the wall of the mixing chamber 3 to provide the elevated base 40,also provides an annular passage 60 into which an air in let tube 61opens. Air from the annular passage 60 mingles with the liquid fuel atthe periphery of the member 41, and the mixture is drawn through anannular' passage 62 that exists between the member 42 and the suctionring 51, when the latter is in the position shown in Figure 1. Thecombustible mixture is then drawn through the openings 52 into an outlettube 63 that is adapted for connecting with an intake manifold (notshown) or the like, being provided with the ordinarymeans for effectinga connection, such as the flange 65. A throttle valve 64 is disposedbetween the outlet 63 to control the flow of the combustible mixturetherethrough, and the operation of the throttle 64 is effected by meansof a stem 66. l

It will be understood of course that the combustible mixture is drawnthrough the outlet 63 by a suction created by the operation of aninternal combustion engine to which the device is applied. The distancethat the suction ring 51 will be moved from its seat will be determinedby the operation of the internal combustion engine, and will beincreased directly as the speed of the engine is increased. Consequentlya greater volume of air will be permitted to pass the mixing head, andwill enter into the combustible mixture when the engine is beingoperated at a relatively great speed, than is the case when the engineis running at a low speed, and a maximum power will therefore bedeveloped with a minimum fuel consumption.

lt is to be noted that the lit of the projecting portion of the spindlewithin the socket 53 of the suction ring 51 is such that an air cushionis provided between the end of the spindle and the adjacent walls of thesocket. As a result, the suction ring 51, when actuated by gravity, willslowly move into closed position, and the wear on contiguous Asurfacesof the relatively moving parts of the mixing head and suction ring istherefore very slight.

It is to be observed that the inner wall of the extension 51 extends atan angle to the adjacent wall of the member 41. By substituting for thesuction ring 51 a similar suction ring having the extension 51 extendning a greater or lesser angle to the adjacent surface of the member 4:1,the supply of air permitted to mingle with the liquid fuel can beinitially regulated.

I claim:

I. In a carburetor, a cylindrical mixing chamber, a fuel feeding headcomprising two conica-l heads, said conical heads having their basesdisposed adjacent to each other and being of the same diameter, thelower head having a centrally raised portion spacing the upper conicalhead therefrom, and having an annular groove disposed adjacent to theraised portion, said raised portion having radial grooves therein, atubular member connecting said conical heads together and having acylindrical portion projecting above the upper conical head, saidtubular member having openings therein communieating with said grooves,and a ring slidably disposed in said chamber and having a recess adaptedto snugly receive the upper end of said tubular member, said ring beingradapted to move with respect to said tubular member.

2. In a device of the type described, a mix ing chamber having an airinlet in the bottom thereof, a fuel feeding head disposed in the centerof said mixing chamber and comprising two conical heads, the lower headhaving a centrally raised portion, an annular groove disposed adjacentto the raised portion, a vertically extending central bore, radialgrooves disposed between said bore and said annular groove, and atubular stein connect-ing said conical heads together and having anannular groove in its outer surface, and openings extending inwardlyfrom the groove, said upper head being spaced from said lower head bythe raised portion of said lower head.

3. In a device of the type described, a mixing chamber having an airinlet in the bottom thereof, a fuel feeding head centrally disposed insaid chamber and comprising two conical heads having their basesdisposed adjacent toa-nd spaced from each other and being provided witha circular nozzle adapted to throw a radially extending apron-like spraytherefrom, a stem projecting vertically from the upper head, and a ringslidably disposed on said stem and having its outer wall adapted to abutthe upper conical head, said ring also having a second conical portionmerging from said first named conical portion and terminating at theperiphery of said ring.

EDWARD E. ECKERT.

